Florida Senate - 2011 COMMITTEE AMENDMENT
Bill No. SB 488
Barcode 210510
LEGISLATIVE ACTION
Senate . House
Comm: RCS .
03/28/2011 .
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The Committee on Criminal Justice (Dean) recommended the
following:
1 Senate Amendment (with title amendment)
2
3 Delete everything after the enacting clause
4 and insert:
5
6 Section 1. This act may be cited as the “Walk in Their
7 Shoes Act.”
8 Section 2. Subsection (2) of section 90.404, Florida
9 Statutes, is amended to read:
10 90.404 Character evidence; when admissible.—
11 (2) OTHER CRIMES, WRONGS, OR ACTS.—
12 (a) Similar fact evidence of other crimes, wrongs, or acts
13 is admissible when relevant to prove a material fact in issue,
14 including, but not limited to, proof of motive, opportunity,
15 intent, preparation, plan, knowledge, identity, or absence of
16 mistake or accident, but it is inadmissible when the evidence is
17 relevant solely to prove bad character or propensity.
18 (b)1. In a criminal case in which the defendant is charged
19 with a crime involving child molestation, evidence of the
20 defendant’s commission of other crimes, wrongs, or acts of child
21 molestation is admissible, and may be considered for its bearing
22 on any matter to which it is relevant.
23 2. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term “child
24 molestation” means conduct proscribed by s. 787.025(2)(c), s.
25 794.011, excluding s. 794.011(10), s. 794.05, s. 796.03, s.
26 796.035, s. 796.045, s. 800.04, s. 827.071, or s. 847.0135(5),
27 s. 847.0145, or s. 985.701(1) when committed against a person 16
28 years of age or younger.
29 (c)1. In a criminal case in which the defendant is charged
30 with a sexual offense, evidence of the defendant’s commission of
31 other crimes, wrongs, or acts involving a sexual offense is
32 admissible and may be considered for its bearing on any matter
33 to which it is relevant.
34 2. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term “sexual
35 offense” means conduct proscribed by s. 787.025(2)(c), s.
36 794.011, excluding s. 794.011(10), s. 794.05, s. 796.03, s.
37 796.035, s. 796.045, s. 825.1025(2)(b), s. 827.071, s.
38 847.0135(5), s. 847.0145, or s. 985.701(1).
39 (d)(c)1. When the state in a criminal action intends to
40 offer evidence of other criminal offenses under paragraph (a),
41 or paragraph (b), or paragraph (c), no fewer than 10 days before
42 trial, the state shall furnish to the defendant or to the
43 defendant’s counsel a written statement of the acts or offenses
44 it intends to offer, describing them with the particularity
45 required of an indictment or information. No notice is required
46 for evidence of offenses used for impeachment or on rebuttal.
47 2. When the evidence is admitted, the court shall, if
48 requested, charge the jury on the limited purpose for which the
49 evidence is received and is to be considered. After the close of
50 the evidence, the jury shall be instructed on the limited
51 purpose for which the evidence was received and that the
52 defendant cannot be convicted for a charge not included in the
53 indictment or information.
54 Section 3. Prohibition on reproduction of child
55 pornography.—
56 (1) In a criminal proceeding, any property or material that
57 portrays sexual performance by a child as defined in s. 827.071,
58 Florida Statutes, or constitutes child pornography as defined in
59 s. 847.001, Florida Statutes, must remain secured or locked in
60 the care, custody, and control of a law enforcement agency, the
61 state attorney, or the court.
62 (2) Notwithstanding any law or rule of court, a court shall
63 deny, in a criminal proceeding, any request by the defendant to
64 copy, photograph, duplicate, or otherwise reproduce any property
65 or material that portrays sexual performance by a child or
66 constitutes child pornography so long as the state attorney
67 makes the property or material reasonably available to the
68 defendant.
69 (3) For purposes of this section, property or material is
70 deemed to be reasonably available to the defendant if the state
71 attorney provides ample opportunity at a designated facility for
72 the inspection, viewing, and examination of the property or
73 material that portrays sexual performance by a child or
74 constitutes child pornography by the defendant, his or her
75 attorney, or any individual whom the defendant uses as an expert
76 during the discovery process or at a court proceeding.
77 Section 4. Subsection (2) of section 395.1021, Florida
78 Statutes, is amended to read:
79 395.1021 Treatment of sexual assault victims.—Any licensed
80 facility which provides emergency room services shall arrange
81 for the rendering of appropriate medical attention and treatment
82 of victims of sexual assault through:
83 (2) The administration of medical examinations, tests, and
84 analyses required by law enforcement personnel in the gathering
85 of forensic medical evidence required for investigation and
86 prosecution from a victim who has reported a sexual battery to a
87 law enforcement agency or who requests that such evidence be
88 gathered for a possible future report.
89
90 Such licensed facility shall also arrange for the protection of
91 the victim’s anonymity while complying with the laws of this
92 state and may encourage the victim to notify law enforcement
93 personnel and to cooperate with them in apprehending the
94 suspect.
95 Section 5. Subsection (17) is added to section 775.15,
96 Florida Statutes, to read:
97 775.15 Time limitations; general time limitations;
98 exceptions.—
99 (17) In addition to the time periods prescribed in this
100 section, a prosecution for video voyeurism in violation of s.
101 810.145 may be commenced within 1 year after the date on which
102 the victim of video voyeurism obtains actual knowledge of the
103 existence of such a recording or the date on which the recording
104 is confiscated by a law enforcement agency, whichever occurs
105 first. Any dissemination of such a recording before the victim
106 obtains actual knowledge thereof or before its confiscation by a
107 law enforcement agency does not affect any provision of this
108 subsection.
109 Section 6. Subsection (1) of section 794.052, Florida
110 Statutes, is amended to read:
111 794.052 Sexual battery; notification of victim’s rights and
112 services.—
113 (1) A law enforcement officer who investigates an alleged
114 sexual battery shall:
115 (a) Assist the victim in obtaining medical treatment, if
116 medical treatment is necessary as a result of the alleged
117 incident, a forensic examination, and advocacy and crisis
118 intervention services from a certified rape crisis center and
119 provide or arrange for transportation to the appropriate
120 facility.
121 (b) Advise the victim that he or she may contact a
122 certified rape crisis center from which the victim may receive
123 services.
124 (c) Prior to submitting a final report, permit the victim
125 to review the final report and provide a statement as to the
126 accuracy of the final report.
127 Section 7. Section 794.056, Florida Statutes, is amended to
128 read:
129 794.056 Rape Crisis Program Trust Fund.—
130 (1) The Rape Crisis Program Trust Fund is created within
131 the Department of Health for the purpose of providing funds for
132 rape crisis centers in this state. Trust fund moneys shall be
133 used exclusively for the purpose of providing services for
134 victims of sexual assault. Funds credited to the trust fund
135 consist of those funds collected as an additional court
136 assessment in each case in which a defendant pleads guilty or
137 nolo contendere to, or is found guilty of, regardless of
138 adjudication, an offense provided defined in s. 775.21(6) and
139 (10)(a), (b), and (g), s. 784.011, s. 784.021, s. 784.03, s.
140 784.041, s. 784.045, s. 784.048, s. 784.07, s. 784.08, s.
141 784.081, s. 784.082, s. 784.083, s. 784.085, s. 787.01(3), s.
142 787.02(3), s. 787.025, s. 787.06, s. 787.07, or s. 794.011, s.
143 794.05, s. 794.08, s. 796.03, s. 796.035, s. 796.04, s. 796.045,
144 s. 796.05, s. 796.06, s. 796.07(2)(a)-(d) and (i), s. 800.03, s.
145 800.04, s. 810.14, s. 810.145, s. 812.135, s. 817.025, s.
146 825.102, s. 825.1025, s. 827.071, s. 836.10, s. 847.0133, s.
147 847.0135(2), s. 847.0137, s. 847.0145, s. 943.0435(4)(c), (7),
148 (8), (9)(a), (13), and (14)(c), or s. 985.701(1). Funds credited
149 to the trust fund also shall include revenues provided by law,
150 moneys appropriated by the Legislature, and grants from public
151 or private entities.
152 (2) The Department of Health shall establish by rule
153 criteria consistent with the provisions of s. 794.055(3)(a) for
154 distributing moneys from the trust fund to rape crisis centers.
155 Section 8. Section 938.085, Florida Statutes, is amended to
156 read:
157 938.085 Additional cost to fund rape crisis centers.—In
158 addition to any sanction imposed when a person pleads guilty or
159 nolo contendere to, or is found guilty of, regardless of
160 adjudication, a violation of s. 775.21(6) and (10)(a), (b), and
161 (g), s. 784.011, s. 784.021, s. 784.03, s. 784.041, s. 784.045,
162 s. 784.048, s. 784.07, s. 784.08, s. 784.081, s. 784.082, s.
163 784.083, s. 784.085, s. 787.01(3), s. 787.02(3), 787.025, s.
164 787.06, s. 787.07, or s. 794.011, s. 794.05, s. 794.08, s.
165 796.03, s. 796.035, s. 796.04, s. 796.045, s. 796.05, s. 796.06,
166 s. 796.07(2)(a)-(d) and (i), s. 800.03, s. 800.04, s. 810.14, s.
167 810.145, s. 812.135, s. 817.025, s. 825.102, s. 825.1025, s.
168 827.071, s. 836.10, s. 847.0133, s. 847.0135(2), s. 847.0137, s.
169 847.0145, s. 943.0435(4)(c), (7), (8), (9)(a), (13), and
170 (14)(c), or s. 985.701(1), the court shall impose a surcharge of
171 $151. Payment of the surcharge shall be a condition of
172 probation, community control, or any other court-ordered
173 supervision. The sum of $150 of the surcharge shall be deposited
174 into the Rape Crisis Program Trust Fund established within the
175 Department of Health by chapter 2003-140, Laws of Florida. The
176 clerk of the court shall retain $1 of each surcharge that the
177 clerk of the court collects as a service charge of the clerk’s
178 office.
179 Section 9. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
180 made by this act to section 794.056, Florida Statutes, in a
181 reference thereto, paragraph (a) of subsection (21) of section
182 20.435, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read:
183 20.435 Department of Health; trust funds.—The following
184 trust funds shall be administered by the Department of Health:
185 (21) Rape Crisis Program Trust Fund.
186 (a) Funds to be credited to and uses of the trust fund
187 shall be administered in accordance with the provisions of s.
188 794.056.
189 Section 10. For the purpose of incorporating the amendment
190 made by this act to section 938.085, Florida Statutes, in a
191 reference thereto, paragraph (b) of subsection (3) of section
192 794.055, Florida Statutes, is reenacted to read:
193 794.055 Access to services for victims of sexual battery.—
194 (3)
195 (b) Funds received under s. 938.085 shall be used to
196 provide sexual battery recovery services to victims and their
197 families. Funds shall be distributed to rape crisis centers
198 based on an allocation formula that takes into account the
199 population and rural characteristics of each county. No more
200 than 15 percent of the funds shall be used by the statewide
201 nonprofit association for statewide initiatives. No more than 5
202 percent of the funds may be used by the department for
203 administrative costs.
204 Section 11. Section 960.003, Florida Statutes, is amended
205 to read:
206 960.003 Hepatitis and HIV testing for persons charged with
207 or alleged by petition for delinquency to have committed certain
208 offenses; disclosure of results to victims.—
209 (1) LEGISLATIVE INTENT.—The Legislature finds that a victim
210 of a criminal offense which involves the transmission of body
211 fluids, or which involves certain sexual offenses in which the
212 victim is a minor, disabled adult, or elderly person, is
213 entitled to know at the earliest possible opportunity whether
214 the person charged with or alleged by petition for delinquency
215 to have committed the offense has tested positive for hepatitis
216 or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The Legislature
217 finds that to deny victims access to hepatitis and HIV test
218 results causes unnecessary mental anguish in persons who have
219 already suffered trauma. The Legislature further finds that
220 since medical science now recognizes that early diagnosis is a
221 critical factor in the treatment of hepatitis and HIV infection,
222 both the victim and the person charged with or alleged by
223 petition for delinquency to have committed the offense benefit
224 from prompt disclosure of hepatitis and HIV test results.
225 (2) TESTING OF PERSON CHARGED WITH OR ALLEGED BY PETITION
226 FOR DELINQUENCY TO HAVE COMMITTED CERTAIN OFFENSES.—
227 (a) In any case in which a person has been charged by
228 information or indictment with or alleged by petition for
229 delinquency to have committed any offense enumerated in s.
230 775.0877(1)(a)-(n), which involves the transmission of body
231 fluids from one person to another, upon request of the victim or
232 the victim’s legal guardian, or of the parent or legal guardian
233 of the victim if the victim is a minor, the court shall order
234 such person to undergo hepatitis and HIV testing within 48 hours
235 after of the information or indictment is filed court order. In
236 the event the victim or, if the victim is a minor, the victim’s
237 parent or legal guardian, requests hepatitis and HIV testing
238 after 48 hours have elapsed from the filing of the indictment or
239 information, the testing shall be done within 48 hours after the
240 request.
241 (b) However, when a victim of any sexual offense enumerated
242 in s. 775.0877(1)(a)-(n) is under the age of 18 at the time the
243 offense was committed or when a victim of any sexual offense
244 enumerated in s. 775.0877(1)(a)-(n) or s. 825.1025 is a disabled
245 adult or elderly person as defined in s. 825.1025 regardless of
246 whether the offense involves the transmission of bodily fluids
247 from one person to another, then upon the request of the victim
248 or the victim’s legal guardian, or of the parent or legal
249 guardian, the court shall order such person to undergo hepatitis
250 and HIV testing within 48 hours after of the information or
251 indictment is filed court order. In the event the victim or, if
252 the victim is a minor, the victim’s parent or legal guardian,
253 requests hepatitis and HIV testing after 48 hours have elapsed
254 from the filing of the indictment or information, the testing
255 shall be done within 48 hours after the request. The testing
256 shall be performed under the direction of the Department of
257 Health in accordance with s. 381.004. The results of a hepatitis
258 and an HIV test performed on a defendant or juvenile offender
259 pursuant to this subsection shall not be admissible in any
260 criminal or juvenile proceeding arising out of the alleged
261 offense.
262 (c) If medically appropriate, followup HIV testing shall be
263 provided when testing has been ordered under paragraph (a) or
264 paragraph (b). The medical propriety of followup HIV testing
265 shall be based upon a determination by a physician and does not
266 require an additional court order. Notification to the victim,
267 or to the victim’s parent or legal guardian, and to the
268 defendant of the results of each followup test shall made be as
269 soon as practicable in accordance with this section.
270 (3) DISCLOSURE OF RESULTS.—
271 (a) The results of the test shall be disclosed no later
272 than 2 weeks after the court receives such results, under the
273 direction of the Department of Health, to the person charged
274 with or alleged by petition for delinquency to have committed or
275 to the person convicted of or adjudicated delinquent for any
276 offense enumerated in s. 775.0877(1)(a)-(n), which involves the
277 transmission of body fluids from one person to another, and,
278 upon request, to the victim or the victim’s legal guardian, or
279 the parent or legal guardian of the victim if the victim is a
280 minor, and to public health agencies pursuant to s. 775.0877. If
281 the alleged offender is a juvenile, the test results shall also
282 be disclosed to the parent or guardian. When the victim is a
283 victim as described in paragraph (2)(b), the test results must
284 also be disclosed no later than 2 weeks after the court receives
285 such results, to the person charged with or alleged by petition
286 for delinquency to have committed or to the person convicted of
287 or adjudicated delinquent for any offense enumerated in s.
288 775.0877(1)(a)-(n), or s. 825.1025 regardless of whether the
289 offense involves the transmission of bodily fluids from one
290 person to another, and, upon request, to the victim or the
291 victim’s legal guardian, or the parent or legal guardian of the
292 victim, and to public health agencies pursuant to s. 775.0877.
293 Otherwise, hepatitis and HIV test results obtained pursuant to
294 this section are confidential and exempt from the provisions of
295 s. 119.07(1) and s. 24(a), Art. I of the State Constitution and
296 shall not be disclosed to any other person except as expressly
297 authorized by law or court order.
298 (b) At the time that the results are disclosed to the
299 victim or the victim’s legal guardian, or to the parent or legal
300 guardian of a victim if the victim is a minor, the same
301 immediate opportunity for face-to-face counseling which must be
302 made available under s. 381.004 to those who undergo hepatitis
303 and HIV testing shall also be afforded to the victim or the
304 victim’s legal guardian, or to the parent or legal guardian of
305 the victim if the victim is a minor.
306 (4) POSTCONVICTION TESTING.—If, for any reason, the testing
307 requested under subsection (2) has not been undertaken, then
308 upon request of the victim or the victim’s legal guardian, or
309 the parent or legal guardian of the victim if the victim is a
310 minor, the court shall order the offender to undergo hepatitis
311 and HIV testing following conviction or delinquency
312 adjudication. The testing shall be performed under the direction
313 of the Department of Health, and the results shall be disclosed
314 in accordance with the provisions of subsection (3).
315 (5) EXCEPTIONS.—The provisions of Subsections (2) and (4)
316 do not apply if:
317 (a) The person charged with or convicted of or alleged by
318 petition for delinquency to have committed or been adjudicated
319 delinquent for an offense described in subsection (2) has
320 undergone hepatitis and HIV testing voluntarily or pursuant to
321 procedures established in s. 381.004(3)(h)6. or s. 951.27, or
322 any other applicable law or rule providing for hepatitis and HIV
323 testing of criminal defendants, inmates, or juvenile offenders,
324 subsequent to his or her arrest, conviction, or delinquency
325 adjudication for the offense for which he or she was charged or
326 alleged by petition for delinquency to have committed; and
327 (b) The results of such hepatitis and HIV testing have been
328 furnished to the victim or the victim’s legal guardian, or the
329 parent or legal guardian of the victim if the victim is a minor.
330 (6) TESTING DURING INCARCERATION, DETENTION, OR PLACEMENT;
331 DISCLOSURE.—In any case in which a person convicted of or
332 adjudicated delinquent for an offense described in subsection
333 (2) has not been tested under subsection (2), but undergoes
334 hepatitis and HIV testing during his or her incarceration,
335 detention, or placement, the results of the initial hepatitis
336 and HIV testing shall be disclosed in accordance with the
337 provisions of subsection (3). Except as otherwise requested by
338 the victim or the victim’s legal guardian, or the parent or
339 guardian of the victim if the victim is a minor, if the initial
340 test is conducted within the first year of the imprisonment,
341 detention, or placement, the request for disclosure shall be
342 considered a standing request for any subsequent hepatitis and
343 HIV test results obtained within 1 year after the initial
344 hepatitis and HIV test are performed, and need not be repeated
345 for each test administration. Where the inmate or juvenile
346 offender has previously been tested pursuant to subsection (2)
347 the request for disclosure under this subsection shall be
348 considered a standing request for subsequent hepatitis and HIV
349 results conducted within 1 year of the test performed pursuant
350 to subsection (2). If the hepatitis and HIV testing is performed
351 by an agency other than the Department of Health, that agency
352 shall be responsible for forwarding the test results to the
353 Department of Health for disclosure in accordance with the
354 provisions of subsection (3). This subsection shall not be
355 limited to results of hepatitis and HIV tests administered
356 subsequent to June 27, 1990, but shall also apply to the results
357 of all hepatitis and HIV tests performed on inmates convicted of
358 or juvenile offenders adjudicated delinquent for sex offenses as
359 described in subsection (2) during their incarceration,
360 detention, or placement prior to June 27, 1990.
361 Section 12. Section 960.198, Florida Statutes, is amended
362 to read:
363 960.198 Relocation assistance for victims of domestic
364 violence and sexual violence.—
365 (1) Notwithstanding the criteria set forth in s. 960.13 for
366 crime victim compensation awards, the department may award a
367 one-time payment of up to $1,500 on any one claim and a lifetime
368 maximum of $3,000 to a victim of domestic violence who needs
369 immediate assistance to escape from a domestic violence
370 environment or to a victim of sexual violence who reasonably
371 fears for her or his safety.
372 (2) In order for an award to be granted to a victim for
373 relocation assistance:
374 (a) There must be proof that a domestic violence or sexual
375 violence offense was committed;
376 (b) The domestic violence or sexual violence offense must
377 be reported to the proper authorities;
378 (c) The victim’s need for assistance must be certified by a
379 certified domestic violence center or a certified rape crisis
380 center in this state; and
381 (d) The center certification must assert that the victim is
382 cooperating with law enforcement officials, if applicable, and
383 must include documentation that the victim has developed a
384 safety plan.
385 Section 13. Paragraph (n) of subsection (2) of section
386 1003.42, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:
387 1003.42 Required instruction.—
388 (2) Members of the instructional staff of the public
389 schools, subject to the rules of the State Board of Education
390 and the district school board, shall teach efficiently and
391 faithfully, using the books and materials required that meet the
392 highest standards for professionalism and historic accuracy,
393 following the prescribed courses of study, and employing
394 approved methods of instruction, the following:
395 (n) Comprehensive health education that addresses concepts
396 of community health; consumer health; environmental health;
397 family life, including an awareness of the benefits of sexual
398 abstinence as the expected standard and the consequences of
399 teenage pregnancy; mental and emotional health; injury
400 prevention and safety; Internet safety; nutrition; personal
401 health; prevention and control of disease; and substance use and
402 abuse. The health education curriculum for students in grades 7
403 through 12 shall include a teen dating violence and abuse
404 component that includes, but is not limited to, the definition
405 of dating violence and abuse, the warning signs of dating
406 violence and abusive behavior, the characteristics of healthy
407 relationships, measures to prevent and stop dating violence and
408 abuse, and community resources available to victims of dating
409 violence and abuse.
410
411 The State Board of Education is encouraged to adopt standards
412 and pursue assessment of the requirements of this subsection.
413 Section 14. This act shall take effect July 1, 2011.
414
415 ================= T I T L E A M E N D M E N T ================
416 And the title is amended as follows:
417
418 Delete everything before the enacting clause
419 and insert:
420 A bill to be entitled
421 An act relating to sexual offenses; providing a short
422 title; amending s. 90.404, F.S.; revising offenses
423 that are considered “child molestation” for purposes
424 of admitting evidence of other crimes, wrongs, or acts
425 in a criminal case involving child molestation;
426 providing for admission of evidence of other crimes,
427 wrongs, or acts in cases involving a sexual offense;
428 defining the term “sexual offense”; requiring certain
429 property or material that is used in a criminal
430 proceeding to remain in the care, custody, and control
431 of the law enforcement agency, the state attorney, or
432 the court; prohibiting the reproduction of such
433 property or material by the defendant when specified
434 criteria are met by the state attorney; permitting
435 access to the materials by the defendant; amending s.
436 395.1021, F.S.; requiring a licensed facility that
437 provides emergency room services to arrange for the
438 gathering of forensic medical evidence required for
439 investigation and prosecution from a victim who has
440 reported a sexual battery to a law enforcement agency
441 or who requests that such evidence be gathered for a
442 possible future report; amending s. 775.15, F.S.;
443 providing that a prosecution for video voyeurism in
444 violation of specified provisions may, in addition to
445 existing time periods, be commenced within 1 year
446 after the victim of video voyeurism obtains actual
447 knowledge of the existence of such a recording or the
448 recording is confiscated by a law enforcement agency,
449 whichever occurs first; providing that dissemination
450 of a recording before such knowledge or confiscation
451 does not affect such a time period; amending s.
452 794.052, F.S.; requiring a law enforcement officer to
453 provide or arrange for transportation of a victim of
454 sexual battery to an appropriate facility for medical
455 treatment or forensic examination; providing for a
456 review of a police officer’s final report by a victim
457 and an opportunity for a statement by a victim;
458 amending ss. 794.056 and 938.085, F.S.; requiring that
459 an additional court cost or surcharge be assessed
460 against a defendant who pleads guilty or nolo
461 contendere to, or is found guilty of, regardless of
462 adjudication, certain criminal offenses; providing for
463 proceeds of the additional court cost or surcharge to
464 be deposited into the Rape Crisis Program Trust Fund;
465 reenacting s. 20.435(21)(a), F.S., relating to the
466 Rape Crisis Program Trust Fund, to incorporate the
467 amendment made to s. 794.056, F.S., in a reference
468 thereto; reenacting s. 794.055(3)(b), F.S., relating
469 to access to services for victims of sexual battery,
470 to incorporate the amendment made to s. 938.085, F.S.,
471 in a reference thereto; amending s. 960.003, F.S.;
472 providing for hepatitis testing of persons charged
473 with certain offenses; amending s. 960.198, F.S.;
474 authorizing relocation assistance awards to certain
475 victims of sexual violence; amending s. 1003.42, F.S.;
476 requiring that public schools provide comprehensive
477 health education that addresses concepts of Internet
478 safety; providing an effective date.