Senate Bill sb2688c1

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    Florida Senate - 2006                           CS for SB 2688

    By the Committee on Education Appropriations; and Senator
    Haridopolos




    602-2422-06

  1                      A bill to be entitled

  2         An act relating to schools; amending s.

  3         1001.42, F.S., relating to powers and duties of

  4         district school boards; revising provisions

  5         relating to required school improvement plans;

  6         revising content of such plans; requiring

  7         public hearings and analysis relating to excess

  8         paperwork and data collection; requiring

  9         district school board establishment of a task

10         force to reduce paper and electronic reporting

11         requirements; providing task force duties;

12         amending s. 1002.23, F.S.; requiring school

13         districts to include certain information

14         concerning meningococcal disease in a parent

15         guide; amending s. 1002.42, F.S.; requiring the

16         governing authority of a private school to

17         provide certain information concerning

18         meningococcal disease to parents; amending s.

19         1003.415, F.S.; deleting the personalized

20         middle school success plan; amending s.

21         1008.25, F.S., relating to student progression;

22         requiring implementation of progress-monitoring

23         plans and deleting student improvement plans;

24         providing planning options to improve student

25         academic achievement; deleting certain

26         provisions relating to student remediation;

27         amending ss. 411.227, 1002.20, 1003.51, and

28         1003.52, F.S.; conforming provisions; providing

29         an effective date.

30  

31  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

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 1         Section 1.  Paragraph (a) of subsection (16) of section

 2  1001.42, Florida Statutes, is amended, subsection (22) is

 3  renumbered as subsection (23), and a new subsection (22) is

 4  added to that section, to read:

 5         1001.42  Powers and duties of district school

 6  board.--The district school board, acting as a board, shall

 7  exercise all powers and perform all duties listed below:

 8         (16)  IMPLEMENT SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT AND

 9  ACCOUNTABILITY.--Maintain a system of school improvement and

10  education accountability as provided by statute and State

11  Board of Education rule. This system of school improvement and

12  education accountability shall be consistent with, and

13  implemented through, the district's continuing system of

14  planning and budgeting required by this section and ss.

15  1008.385, 1010.01, and 1011.01. This system of school

16  improvement and education accountability shall include, but is

17  not limited to, the following:

18         (a)  School improvement plans.--Annually approve and

19  require implementation of a new, amended, or continuation

20  school improvement plan for each school in the district that

21  is designated as performance grade category "C" or below or

22  that is required to have a school improvement plan under

23  federal law, except that a district school board may establish

24  a district school improvement plan that includes all schools

25  in the district operating for the purpose of providing

26  educational services to youth in Department of Juvenile

27  Justice programs. The district school board may require a

28  school that is designated as performance grade category "A" or

29  "B" to complete a school improvement plan. A school

30  improvement Such plan shall be designed to achieve the state

31  education priorities pursuant to s. 1000.03(5) and student

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 1  performance standards. In addition, any school required to

 2  implement a rigorous reading requirement pursuant to s.

 3  1003.415 must include such component in its school improvement

 4  plan. Each plan shall address student achievement goals and

 5  strategies based on state and school district proficiency

 6  standards. The plan may also address issues relative to other

 7  academic-related matters budget, training, instructional

 8  materials, technology, staffing, student support services,

 9  specific school safety and discipline strategies, student

10  health and fitness, including physical fitness, parental

11  information on student health and fitness, and indoor

12  environmental air quality, and other matters of resource

13  allocation, as determined by district school board policy, and

14  shall be based on an analysis of student achievement and other

15  school performance data.

16         (22)  REDUCE PAPERWORK AND DATA COLLECTION AND

17  REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.--

18         (a)  Paperwork and data collection.--Hold extensive

19  public hearings and provide detailed analysis of burden hours

20  needed to complete paperwork, hard copies, and electronic

21  copies required under a state mandate if the district school

22  board will exceed paperwork and data collection requirements

23  of the state mandate. "Burden hours" are defined as the amount

24  of time required to gather, compile, complete, transmit, and

25  report information.

26         (b)  Task force.--Establish a task force to reduce the

27  paper and electronic reporting requirements that impact the

28  school district, which may include the duties specified in s.

29  1008.385(2)(b). A majority of the task force members must be

30  classroom teachers with additional members including, but not

31  limited to, one exceptional student education teacher, school

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 1  administrators, district-level personnel, and the district

 2  school superintendent. The task force must seek to reduce the

 3  burden hours required of school district staff by making

 4  recommendations to the district school board on ways to

 5  reduce, eliminate, revise, or consolidate requirements

 6  relating to, but not limited to, student attendance, student

 7  behavior, and teacher lesson plans. The task force must

 8  annually report its actions and recommendations to the

 9  Department of Education. The department shall review the

10  annual reports and progress of each school district task force

11  and, based on such information, provide its recommendations to

12  school districts for reduction, elimination, revision, or

13  consolidation of paper and electronic reporting requirements.

14         Section 2.  Subsection (7) of section 1002.23, Florida

15  Statutes, is amended to read:

16         1002.23  Family and School Partnership for Student

17  Achievement Act.--

18         (7)  Each school district shall develop and disseminate

19  a parent guide to successful student achievement, consistent

20  with the guidelines of the Department of Education, which

21  addresses what parents need to know about their child's

22  educational progress and how parents can help their child to

23  succeed in school. The guide must:

24         (a)  Be understandable to students and parents;

25         (b)  Be distributed to all parents, students, and

26  school personnel at the beginning of each school year;

27         (c)  Be discussed at the beginning of each school year

28  in meetings of students, parents, and teachers; and

29         (d)  Include information concerning services,

30  opportunities, choices, academic standards, and student

31  assessment; and.

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 1         (e)  Provide detailed information regarding the causes,

 2  symptoms, and transmission of meningococcal disease and the

 3  availability, effectiveness, known contraindications, and

 4  appropriate age for the administration of any required or

 5  recommended vaccine against meningococcal disease in

 6  accordance with the recommendations of the Advisory Committee

 7  on Immunization Practices of the United States Centers for

 8  Disease Control and Prevention.

 9  

10  The parent guide may be included as a part of the code of

11  student conduct that is required in s. 1006.07(2).

12         Section 3.  Subsection (6) of section 1002.42, Florida

13  Statutes, is amended to read:

14         1002.42  Private schools.--

15         (6)  IMMUNIZATIONS.--The governing authority of each

16  private school shall:

17         (a)  Require students to present a certification of

18  immunization in accordance with the provisions of s.

19  1003.22(3)-(11).

20         (b)  Provide detailed information to each student's

21  parent regarding the causes, symptoms, and transmission of

22  meningococcal disease and the availability, effectiveness,

23  known contraindications, and appropriate age for the

24  administration of any required or recommended vaccine against

25  meningococcal disease in accordance with the recommendations

26  of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the

27  United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

28         Section 4.  Subsection (8) of section 1003.415, Florida

29  Statutes, is renumbered as subsection (7) and present

30  subsection (7) of that section is amended to read:

31         1003.415  The Middle Grades Reform Act.--

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 1         (7)  PERSONALIZED MIDDLE SCHOOL SUCCESS PLAN.--

 2         (a)  Beginning with the 2004-2005 school year, each

 3  principal of a school with a middle grade shall designate

 4  certified staff members at the school to develop and

 5  administer a personalized middle school success plan for each

 6  entering sixth grade student who scored below Level 3 in

 7  reading on the most recently administered FCAT. The purpose of

 8  the success plan is to assist the student in meeting state and

 9  school district expectations in academic proficiency and to

10  prepare the student for a rigorous high school curriculum. The

11  success plan shall be developed in collaboration with the

12  student and his or her parent and must be implemented until

13  the student completes the eighth grade or achieves a score at

14  Level 3 or above in reading on the FCAT, whichever occurs

15  first. The success plan must minimize paperwork and may be

16  incorporated into a parent/teacher conference, included as

17  part of a progress report or report card, included as part of

18  a general orientation at the beginning of the school year, or

19  provided by electronic mail or other written correspondence.

20         (b)  The personalized middle school success plan must:

21         1.  Identify educational goals and intermediate

22  benchmarks for the student in the core curriculum areas which

23  will prepare the student for high school.

24         2.  Be based upon academic performance data and an

25  identification of the student's strengths and weaknesses.

26         3.  Include academic intervention strategies with

27  frequent progress monitoring.

28         4.  Provide innovative methods to promote the student's

29  advancement which may include, but not be limited to, flexible

30  scheduling, tutoring, focus on core curricula, online

31  instruction, an alternative learning environment, or other

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 1  interventions that have been shown to accelerate the learning

 2  process.

 3         (c)  The personalized middle school success plan must

 4  be incorporated into any individual student plan required by

 5  federal or state law, including the academic improvement plan

 6  required in s. 1008.25, an individual education plan (IEP) for

 7  a student with disabilities, a federal 504 plan, or an ESOL

 8  plan.

 9         (d)  The Department of Education shall provide

10  technical assistance for districts, school administrators, and

11  instructional personnel regarding the development of

12  personalized middle school success plans. The assistance shall

13  include strategies and techniques designed to maximize

14  interaction between students, parents, teachers, and other

15  instructional and administrative staff while minimizing

16  paperwork.

17         Section 5.  Subsection (4), paragraphs (b) and (c) of

18  subsection (6), and paragraph (b) of subsection (7) of section

19  1008.25, Florida Statutes, are amended to read:

20         1008.25  Public school student progression; remedial

21  instruction; reporting requirements.--

22         (4)  ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION.--

23         (a)  Each student must participate in the statewide

24  assessment tests required by s. 1008.22. Each student who does

25  not meet specific levels of performance as determined by the

26  district school board in reading, writing, science, and

27  mathematics for each grade level, or who does not meet

28  specific levels of performance as determined by the

29  commissioner on statewide assessments at selected grade

30  levels, must be provided with additional diagnostic

31  

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 1  assessments to determine the nature of the student's

 2  difficulty and areas of academic need.

 3         (b)  The school in which the student is enrolled must

 4  develop, in consultation with the student's parent, and must

 5  implement a progress-monitoring plan. A progress-monitoring

 6  plan is intended to provide the school district and the school

 7  flexibility in meeting the academic needs of the student and

 8  to reduce paperwork. A student who is not meeting the school

 9  district or state requirements for proficiency shall be

10  covered by one of the following plans to target instruction

11  and identify ways to improve his or her academic achievement:

12         1.  A federally required student plan such as an

13  individual education plan;

14         2.  A schoolwide system of progress monitoring for all

15  students; or

16         3.  An individualized progress-monitoring plan.

17  

18  The plan chosen must be an academic improvement plan designed

19  to assist the student or the school in meeting state and

20  district expectations for proficiency. For a student for whom

21  a personalized middle school success plan is required pursuant

22  to s. 1003.415, the middle school success plan must be

23  incorporated in the student's academic improvement plan.

24  Beginning with the 2002-2003 school year, if the student has

25  been identified as having a deficiency in reading, the

26  academic improvement plan shall identify the student's

27  specific areas of deficiency in phonemic awareness, phonics,

28  fluency, comprehension, and vocabulary; the desired levels of

29  performance in these areas; and the instructional and support

30  services to be provided to meet the desired levels of

31  performance. Schools shall also provide for the frequent

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 1  monitoring of the student's progress in meeting the desired

 2  levels of performance. District school boards shall assist

 3  schools and teachers to implement research-based reading

 4  activities that have been shown to be successful in teaching

 5  reading to low-performing students. Remedial instruction

 6  provided during high school may not be in lieu of English and

 7  mathematics credits required for graduation.

 8         (c)  Upon subsequent evaluation, if the documented

 9  deficiency has not been remediated in accordance with the

10  academic improvement plan, the student may be retained. Each

11  student who does not meet the minimum performance expectations

12  defined by the Commissioner of Education for the statewide

13  assessment tests in reading, writing, science, and mathematics

14  must continue to be provided with remedial or supplemental

15  instruction until the expectations are met or the student

16  graduates from high school or is not subject to compulsory

17  school attendance.

18         (6)  ELIMINATION OF SOCIAL PROMOTION.--

19         (b)  The district school board may only exempt students

20  from mandatory retention, as provided in paragraph (5)(b), for

21  good cause. Good cause exemptions shall be limited to the

22  following:

23         1.  Limited English proficient students who have had

24  less than 2 years of instruction in an English for Speakers of

25  Other Languages program.

26         2.  Students with disabilities whose individual

27  education plan indicates that participation in the statewide

28  assessment program is not appropriate, consistent with the

29  requirements of State Board of Education rule.

30  

31  

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 1         3.  Students who demonstrate an acceptable level of

 2  performance on an alternative standardized reading assessment

 3  approved by the State Board of Education.

 4         4.  Students who demonstrate, through a student

 5  portfolio, that the student is reading on grade level as

 6  evidenced by demonstration of mastery of the Sunshine State

 7  Standards in reading equal to at least a Level 2 performance

 8  on the FCAT.

 9         5.  Students with disabilities who participate in the

10  FCAT and who have an individual education plan or a Section

11  504 plan that reflects that the student has received the

12  intensive remediation in reading, as required by paragraph

13  (4)(b), for more than 2 years but still demonstrates a

14  deficiency in reading and was previously retained in

15  kindergarten, grade 1, grade 2, or grade 3.

16         6.  Students who have received the intensive

17  remediation in reading as required by paragraph (4)(b) for 2

18  or more years but still demonstrate a deficiency in reading

19  and who were previously retained in kindergarten, grade 1,

20  grade 2, or grade 3 for a total of 2 years. Intensive reading

21  instruction for students so promoted must include an altered

22  instructional day based upon an academic improvement plan that

23  includes specialized diagnostic information and specific

24  reading strategies for each student. The district school board

25  shall assist schools and teachers to implement reading

26  strategies that research has shown to be successful in

27  improving reading among low-performing readers.

28         (c)  Requests for good cause exemptions for students

29  from the mandatory retention requirement as described in

30  subparagraphs (b)3. and 4. shall be made consistent with the

31  following:

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 1         1.  Documentation shall be submitted from the student's

 2  teacher to the school principal that indicates that the

 3  promotion of the student is appropriate and is based upon the

 4  student's academic record. In order to minimize paperwork

 5  requirements, such documentation shall consist only of the

 6  existing academic improvement plan, individual educational

 7  plan, if applicable, report card, or student portfolio.

 8         2.  The school principal shall review and discuss such

 9  recommendation with the teacher and make the determination as

10  to whether the student should be promoted or retained. If the

11  school principal determines that the student should be

12  promoted, the school principal shall make such recommendation

13  in writing to the district school superintendent. The district

14  school superintendent shall accept or reject the school

15  principal's recommendation in writing.

16         (7)  SUCCESSFUL PROGRESSION FOR RETAINED READERS.--

17         (b)  Beginning with the 2004-2005 school year, each

18  school district shall:

19         1.  Conduct a review of student academic improvement

20  plans for all students who did not score above Level 1 on the

21  reading portion of the FCAT and did not meet the criteria for

22  one of the good cause exemptions in paragraph (6)(b). The

23  review shall address additional supports and services, as

24  described in this subsection, needed to remediate the

25  identified areas of reading deficiency. The school district

26  shall require a student portfolio to be completed for each

27  such student.

28         2.  Provide students who are retained under the

29  provisions of paragraph (5)(b) with intensive instructional

30  services and supports to remediate the identified areas of

31  reading deficiency, including a minimum of 90 minutes of

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 1  daily, uninterrupted, scientifically research-based reading

 2  instruction and other strategies prescribed by the school

 3  district, which may include, but are not limited to:

 4         a.  Small group instruction.

 5         b.  Reduced teacher-student ratios.

 6         c.  More frequent progress monitoring.

 7         d.  Tutoring or mentoring.

 8         e.  Transition classes containing 3rd and 4th grade

 9  students.

10         f.  Extended school day, week, or year.

11         g.  Summer reading camps.

12         3.  Provide written notification to the parent of any

13  student who is retained under the provisions of paragraph

14  (5)(b) that his or her child has not met the proficiency level

15  required for promotion and the reasons the child is not

16  eligible for a good cause exemption as provided in paragraph

17  (6)(b). The notification must comply with the provisions of s.

18  1002.20(14) and must include a description of proposed

19  interventions and supports that will be provided to the child

20  to remediate the identified areas of reading deficiency.

21         4.  Implement a policy for the midyear promotion of any

22  student retained under the provisions of paragraph (5)(b) who

23  can demonstrate that he or she is a successful and independent

24  reader, reading at or above grade level, and ready to be

25  promoted to grade 4. Tools that school districts may use in

26  reevaluating any student retained may include subsequent

27  assessments, alternative assessments, and portfolio reviews,

28  in accordance with rules of the State Board of Education.

29  Students promoted during the school year after November 1 must

30  demonstrate proficiency above that required to score at Level

31  2 on the grade 3 FCAT, as determined by the State Board of

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 1  Education. The State Board of Education shall adopt standards

 2  that provide a reasonable expectation that the student's

 3  progress is sufficient to master appropriate 4th grade level

 4  reading skills.

 5         5.  Provide students who are retained under the

 6  provisions of paragraph (5)(b) with a high-performing teacher

 7  as determined by student performance data and

 8  above-satisfactory performance appraisals.

 9         6.  In addition to required reading enhancement and

10  acceleration strategies, provide parents of students to be

11  retained with at least one of the following instructional

12  options:

13         a.  Supplemental tutoring in scientifically

14  research-based reading services in addition to the regular

15  reading block, including tutoring before and/or after school.

16         b.  A "Read at Home" plan outlined in a parental

17  contract, including participation in "Families Building Better

18  Readers Workshops" and regular parent-guided home reading.

19         c.  A mentor or tutor with specialized reading

20  training.

21         7.  Establish a Reading Enhancement and Acceleration

22  Development (READ) Initiative. The focus of the READ

23  Initiative shall be to prevent the retention of grade 3

24  students and to offer intensive accelerated reading

25  instruction to grade 3 students who failed to meet standards

26  for promotion to grade 4 and to each K-3 student who is

27  assessed as exhibiting a reading deficiency. The READ

28  Initiative shall:

29         a.  Be provided to all K-3 students at risk of

30  retention as identified by the statewide assessment system

31  used in Reading First schools. The assessment must measure

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 1  phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and

 2  comprehension.

 3         b.  Be provided during regular school hours in addition

 4  to the regular reading instruction.

 5         c.  Provide a state-identified reading curriculum that

 6  has been reviewed by the Florida Center for Reading Research

 7  at Florida State University and meets, at a minimum, the

 8  following specifications:

 9         (I)  Assists students assessed as exhibiting a reading

10  deficiency in developing the ability to read at grade level.

11         (II)  Provides skill development in phonemic awareness,

12  phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.

13         (III)  Provides scientifically based and reliable

14  assessment.

15         (IV)  Provides initial and ongoing analysis of each

16  student's reading progress.

17         (V)  Is implemented during regular school hours.

18         (VI)  Provides a curriculum in core academic subjects

19  to assist the student in maintaining or meeting proficiency

20  levels for the appropriate grade in all academic subjects.

21         8.  Establish at each school, where applicable, an

22  Intensive Acceleration Class for retained grade 3 students who

23  subsequently score at Level 1 on the reading portion of the

24  FCAT. The focus of the Intensive Acceleration Class shall be

25  to increase a child's reading level at least two grade levels

26  in 1 school year. The Intensive Acceleration Class shall:

27         a.  Be provided to any student in grade 3 who scores at

28  Level 1 on the reading portion of the FCAT and who was

29  retained in grade 3 the prior year because of scoring at Level

30  1 on the reading portion of the FCAT.

31         b.  Have a reduced teacher-student ratio.

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 1         c.  Provide uninterrupted reading instruction for the

 2  majority of student contact time each day and incorporate

 3  opportunities to master the grade 4 Sunshine State Standards

 4  in other core subject areas.

 5         d.  Use a reading program that is scientifically

 6  research-based and has proven results in accelerating student

 7  reading achievement within the same school year.

 8         e.  Provide intensive language and vocabulary

 9  instruction using a scientifically research-based program,

10  including use of a speech-language therapist.

11         f.  Include weekly progress monitoring measures to

12  ensure progress is being made.

13         g.  Report to the Department of Education, in the

14  manner described by the department, the progress of students

15  in the class at the end of the first semester.

16         9.  Report to the State Board of Education, as

17  requested, on the specific intensive reading interventions and

18  supports implemented at the school district level. The

19  Commissioner of Education shall annually prescribe the

20  required components of requested reports.

21         10.  Provide a student who has been retained in grade 3

22  and has received intensive instructional services but is still

23  not ready for grade promotion, as determined by the school

24  district, the option of being placed in a transitional

25  instructional setting. Such setting shall specifically be

26  designed to produce learning gains sufficient to meet grade 4

27  performance standards while continuing to remediate the areas

28  of reading deficiency.

29         Section 6.  Paragraph (b) of subsection (3) of section

30  411.227, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:

31  

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 1         411.227  Components of the Learning Gateway.--The

 2  Learning Gateway system consists of the following components:

 3         (3)  EARLY EDUCATION, SERVICES AND SUPPORTS.--

 4         (b)  Demonstration projects shall develop strategies to

 5  increase the use of appropriate intervention practices with

 6  children who have learning problems and learning disabilities

 7  within public and private early care and education programs

 8  and K-3 public and private school settings. Strategies may

 9  include training and technical assistance teams. Intervention

10  must be coordinated and must focus on providing effective

11  supports to children and their families within their regular

12  education and community environment. These strategies must

13  incorporate, as appropriate, school and district activities

14  related to the student's academic improvement plan and must

15  provide parents with greater access to community-based

16  services that should be available beyond the traditional

17  school day. Academic expectations for public school students

18  in grades K-3 must be based upon the local school board's

19  adopted proficiency levels. When appropriate, school personnel

20  shall consult with the local Learning Gateway to identify

21  other community resources for supporting the child and the

22  family.

23         Section 7.  Subsection (11) of section 1002.20, Florida

24  Statutes, is amended to read:

25         1002.20  K-12 student and parent rights.--Parents of

26  public school students must receive accurate and timely

27  information regarding their child's academic progress and must

28  be informed of ways they can help their child to succeed in

29  school. K-12 students and their parents are afforded numerous

30  statutory rights including, but not limited to, the following:

31  

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 1         (11)  STUDENTS WITH READING DEFICIENCIES.--Each

 2  elementary school shall regularly assess the reading ability

 3  of each K-3 student. The parent of any K-3 student who

 4  exhibits a reading deficiency shall be immediately notified of

 5  the student's deficiency with a description and explanation,

 6  in terms understandable to the parent, of the exact nature of

 7  the student's difficulty in learning and lack of achievement

 8  in reading; shall be consulted in the development of a

 9  progress-monitoring detailed academic improvement plan, as

10  described in s. 1008.25(4)(b); and shall be informed that the

11  student will be given intensive reading instruction until the

12  deficiency is corrected. This subsection operates in addition

13  to the remediation and notification provisions contained in s.

14  1008.25 and in no way reduces the rights of a parent or the

15  responsibilities of a school district under that section.

16         Section 8.  Paragraph (n) of subsection (2) of section

17  1003.51, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:

18         1003.51  Other public educational services.--

19         (2)  The State Board of Education shall adopt and

20  maintain an administrative rule articulating expectations for

21  effective education programs for youth in Department of

22  Juvenile Justice programs, including, but not limited to,

23  education programs in juvenile justice commitment and

24  detention facilities. The rule shall articulate policies and

25  standards for education programs for youth in Department of

26  Juvenile Justice programs and shall include the following:

27         (n)  Performance expectations for providers and

28  district school boards, including the provision of a

29  progress-monitoring an academic improvement plan as required

30  in s. 1008.25.

31  

                                  17

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    Florida Senate - 2006                           CS for SB 2688
    602-2422-06




 1         Section 9.  Subsection (7) of section 1003.52, Florida

 2  Statutes, is amended to read:

 3         1003.52  Educational services in Department of Juvenile

 4  Justice programs.--

 5         (7)  A progress-monitoring An academic improvement plan

 6  shall be developed for students who score below the level

 7  specified in district school board policy in reading, writing,

 8  and mathematics or below the level specified by the

 9  Commissioner of Education on statewide assessments as required

10  by s. 1008.25. These plans shall address academic, literacy,

11  and life skills and shall include provisions for intensive

12  remedial instruction in the areas of weakness.

13         Section 10.  This act shall take effect July 1, 2006.

14  

15          STATEMENT OF SUBSTANTIAL CHANGES CONTAINED IN
                       COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE FOR
16                         Senate Bill 2688

17                                 

18  The committee substitute requires a school district to include
    detailed information on meningococcal disease in a parent
19  guide.  In addition, the governing authority of a private
    school is required to provide the same information to the
20  parents of students.

21  

22  

23  

24  

25  

26  

27  

28  

29  

30  

31  

                                  18

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