Florida Senate - 2026                                   SJR 1210
       
       
        
       By Senator Rodriguez
       
       
       
       
       
       40-01435-26                                           20261210__
    1                       Senate Joint Resolution                     
    2         A joint resolution proposing an amendment to Section 4
    3         of Article VII and the creation of a new section in
    4         Article XII of the State Constitution to authorize the
    5         Legislature, by general law, to provide that the
    6         transfer of homestead property by inheritance is not
    7         considered to be a change in ownership for purposes of
    8         homestead property assessment and to provide an
    9         effective date.
   10          
   11  Be It Resolved by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   12  
   13         That the following amendment to Section 4 of Article VII
   14  and the creation of a new section of Article XII of the State
   15  Constitution are agreed to and shall be submitted to the
   16  electors of this state for approval or rejection at the next
   17  general election or at an earlier special election specifically
   18  authorized by law for that purpose:
   19                             ARTICLE VII                           
   20                        FINANCE AND TAXATION                       
   21         SECTION 4. Taxation; assessments.—By general law
   22  regulations shall be prescribed which shall secure a just
   23  valuation of all property for ad valorem taxation, provided:
   24         (a) Agricultural land, land producing high water recharge
   25  to Florida’s aquifers, or land used exclusively for
   26  noncommercial recreational purposes may be classified by general
   27  law and assessed solely on the basis of character or use.
   28         (b) As provided by general law and subject to conditions,
   29  limitations, and reasonable definitions specified therein, land
   30  used for conservation purposes shall be classified by general
   31  law and assessed solely on the basis of character or use.
   32         (c) Pursuant to general law tangible personal property held
   33  for sale as stock in trade and livestock may be valued for
   34  taxation at a specified percentage of its value, may be
   35  classified for tax purposes, or may be exempted from taxation.
   36         (d) All persons entitled to a homestead exemption under
   37  Section 6 of this Article shall have their homestead assessed at
   38  just value as of January 1 of the year following the effective
   39  date of this amendment. This assessment shall change only as
   40  provided in this subsection.
   41         (1) Assessments subject to this subsection shall be changed
   42  annually on January 1st of each year; but those changes in
   43  assessments shall not exceed the lower of the following:
   44         a. Three percent (3%) of the assessment for the prior year.
   45         b. The percent change in the Consumer Price Index for all
   46  urban consumers, U.S. City Average, all items 1967=100, or
   47  successor reports for the preceding calendar year as initially
   48  reported by the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of
   49  Labor Statistics.
   50         (2) No assessment shall exceed just value.
   51         (3) After any change of ownership, as provided by general
   52  law, homestead property shall be assessed at just value as of
   53  January 1 of the following year, unless the provisions of
   54  paragraph (8) apply. The legislature may, by general law,
   55  provide that the transfer of homestead property upon inheritance
   56  is not a change of ownership for purposes of this paragraph.
   57  Thereafter, the homestead shall be assessed as provided in this
   58  subsection.
   59         (4) New homestead property shall be assessed at just value
   60  as of January 1st of the year following the establishment of the
   61  homestead, unless the provisions of paragraph (8) apply. That
   62  assessment shall only change as provided in this subsection.
   63         (5) Changes, additions, reductions, or improvements to
   64  homestead property shall be assessed as provided for by general
   65  law; provided, however, after the adjustment for any change,
   66  addition, reduction, or improvement, the property shall be
   67  assessed as provided in this subsection.
   68         (6) In the event of a termination of homestead status, the
   69  property shall be assessed as provided by general law.
   70         (7) The provisions of this amendment are severable. If any
   71  of the provisions of this amendment shall be held
   72  unconstitutional by any court of competent jurisdiction, the
   73  decision of such court shall not affect or impair any remaining
   74  provisions of this amendment.
   75         (8)a. A person who establishes a new homestead as of
   76  January 1 and who has received a homestead exemption pursuant to
   77  Section 6 of this Article as of January 1 of any of the three
   78  years immediately preceding the establishment of the new
   79  homestead is entitled to have the new homestead assessed at less
   80  than just value. The assessed value of the newly established
   81  homestead shall be determined as follows:
   82         1. If the just value of the new homestead is greater than
   83  or equal to the just value of the prior homestead as of January
   84  1 of the year in which the prior homestead was abandoned, the
   85  assessed value of the new homestead shall be the just value of
   86  the new homestead minus an amount equal to the lesser of
   87  $500,000 or the difference between the just value and the
   88  assessed value of the prior homestead as of January 1 of the
   89  year in which the prior homestead was abandoned. Thereafter, the
   90  homestead shall be assessed as provided in this subsection.
   91         2. If the just value of the new homestead is less than the
   92  just value of the prior homestead as of January 1 of the year in
   93  which the prior homestead was abandoned, the assessed value of
   94  the new homestead shall be equal to the just value of the new
   95  homestead divided by the just value of the prior homestead and
   96  multiplied by the assessed value of the prior homestead.
   97  However, if the difference between the just value of the new
   98  homestead and the assessed value of the new homestead calculated
   99  pursuant to this sub-subparagraph is greater than $500,000, the
  100  assessed value of the new homestead shall be increased so that
  101  the difference between the just value and the assessed value
  102  equals $500,000. Thereafter, the homestead shall be assessed as
  103  provided in this subsection.
  104         b. By general law and subject to conditions specified
  105  therein, the legislature shall provide for application of this
  106  paragraph to property owned by more than one person.
  107         (e) The legislature may, by general law, for assessment
  108  purposes and subject to the provisions of this subsection, allow
  109  counties and municipalities to authorize by ordinance that
  110  historic property may be assessed solely on the basis of
  111  character or use. Such character or use assessment shall apply
  112  only to the jurisdiction adopting the ordinance. The
  113  requirements for eligible properties must be specified by
  114  general law.
  115         (f) A county may, in the manner prescribed by general law,
  116  provide for a reduction in the assessed value of homestead
  117  property to the extent of any increase in the assessed value of
  118  that property which results from the construction or
  119  reconstruction of the property for the purpose of providing
  120  living quarters for one or more natural or adoptive grandparents
  121  or parents of the owner of the property or of the owner’s spouse
  122  if at least one of the grandparents or parents for whom the
  123  living quarters are provided is 62 years of age or older. Such a
  124  reduction may not exceed the lesser of the following:
  125         (1) The increase in assessed value resulting from
  126  construction or reconstruction of the property.
  127         (2) Twenty percent of the total assessed value of the
  128  property as improved.
  129         (g) For all levies other than school district levies,
  130  assessments of residential real property, as defined by general
  131  law, which contains nine units or fewer and which is not subject
  132  to the assessment limitations set forth in subsections (a)
  133  through (d) shall change only as provided in this subsection.
  134         (1) Assessments subject to this subsection shall be changed
  135  annually on the date of assessment provided by law; but those
  136  changes in assessments shall not exceed ten percent (10%) of the
  137  assessment for the prior year.
  138         (2) No assessment shall exceed just value.
  139         (3) After a change of ownership or control, as defined by
  140  general law, including any change of ownership of a legal entity
  141  that owns the property, such property shall be assessed at just
  142  value as of the next assessment date. Thereafter, such property
  143  shall be assessed as provided in this subsection.
  144         (4) Changes, additions, reductions, or improvements to such
  145  property shall be assessed as provided for by general law;
  146  however, after the adjustment for any change, addition,
  147  reduction, or improvement, the property shall be assessed as
  148  provided in this subsection.
  149         (h) For all levies other than school district levies,
  150  assessments of real property that is not subject to the
  151  assessment limitations set forth in subsections (a) through (d)
  152  and (g) shall change only as provided in this subsection.
  153         (1) Assessments subject to this subsection shall be changed
  154  annually on the date of assessment provided by law; but those
  155  changes in assessments shall not exceed ten percent (10%) of the
  156  assessment for the prior year.
  157         (2) No assessment shall exceed just value.
  158         (3) The legislature must provide that such property shall
  159  be assessed at just value as of the next assessment date after a
  160  qualifying improvement, as defined by general law, is made to
  161  such property. Thereafter, such property shall be assessed as
  162  provided in this subsection.
  163         (4) The legislature may provide that such property shall be
  164  assessed at just value as of the next assessment date after a
  165  change of ownership or control, as defined by general law,
  166  including any change of ownership of the legal entity that owns
  167  the property. Thereafter, such property shall be assessed as
  168  provided in this subsection.
  169         (5) Changes, additions, reductions, or improvements to such
  170  property shall be assessed as provided for by general law;
  171  however, after the adjustment for any change, addition,
  172  reduction, or improvement, the property shall be assessed as
  173  provided in this subsection.
  174         (i) The legislature, by general law and subject to
  175  conditions specified therein, may prohibit the consideration of
  176  the following in the determination of the assessed value of real
  177  property:
  178         (1) Any change or improvement to real property used for
  179  residential purposes made to improve the property’s resistance
  180  to wind damage.
  181         (2) The installation of a solar or renewable energy source
  182  device.
  183         (j)(1) The assessment of the following working waterfront
  184  properties shall be based upon the current use of the property:
  185         a. Land used predominantly for commercial fishing purposes.
  186         b. Land that is accessible to the public and used for
  187  vessel launches into waters that are navigable.
  188         c. Marinas and drystacks that are open to the public.
  189         d. Water-dependent marine manufacturing facilities,
  190  commercial fishing facilities, and marine vessel construction
  191  and repair facilities and their support activities.
  192         (2) The assessment benefit provided by this subsection is
  193  subject to conditions and limitations and reasonable definitions
  194  as specified by the legislature by general law.
  195                             ARTICLE XII                           
  196                              SCHEDULE                             
  197         Assessment of inherited homestead property.—This section
  198  and the amendment to Section 4 of Article VII authorizing the
  199  legislature, by general law, to provide that transfer of
  200  homestead property by inheritance is not a change of ownership
  201  for purposes of homestead property assessment shall take effect
  202  January 1, 2027.
  203         BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the following statement be
  204  placed on the ballot:
  205                      CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT                     
  206                       ARTICLE VII, SECTION 4                      
  207                             ARTICLE XII                           
  208         ASSESSMENT OF INHERITED HOMESTEAD PROPERTY.—Proposing an
  209  amendment to the State Constitution, effective January 1, 2027,
  210  authorizing the Legislature, by general law, to provide that the
  211  transfer of homestead property by inheritance is not considered
  212  a change of ownership for purposes of homestead property
  213  assessment.