Florida Senate - 2026                                     SB 272
       
       
        
       By Senator Bernard
       
       
       
       
       
       24-00426C-26                                           2026272__
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to a homestead exemption for persons
    3         65 and older; amending s. 196.075, F.S.; expanding the
    4         homestead exemption for persons 65 years and older to
    5         include a total exemption of homestead property from
    6         ad valorem taxation, other than for school district
    7         levies, for certain persons whose household income
    8         does not exceed a certain amount; amending s. 196.082,
    9         F.S.; conforming provisions to changes made by the
   10         act; authorizing the Department of Revenue to adopt
   11         emergency rules; specifying the timeframe in which
   12         such rules are effective and may be renewed; providing
   13         applicability; providing a contingent effective date.
   14          
   15  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   16  
   17         Section 1. Section 196.075, Florida Statutes, is amended to
   18  read:
   19         196.075 Additional Homestead exemption for persons 65 and
   20  older.—
   21         (1) As used in this section, the term:
   22         (a) “Household” means a person or group of persons living
   23  together in a room or group of rooms as a housing unit, but the
   24  term does not include persons boarding in or renting a portion
   25  of the dwelling.
   26         (b) “Household income” means the adjusted gross income, as
   27  defined in s. 62 of the United States Internal Revenue Code, of
   28  all members of a household.
   29         (2) In accordance with s. 6(d), Art. VII of the State
   30  Constitution, the board of county commissioners of any county or
   31  the governing authority of any municipality may adopt an
   32  ordinance to allow either or both of the following additional
   33  homestead exemptions:
   34         (a) Up to $50,000 for a person who has the legal or
   35  equitable title to real estate and maintains thereon the
   36  permanent residence of the owner, who has attained age 65, and
   37  whose household income does not exceed $20,000.
   38         (b)Any The amount of the assessed value of the property
   39  for a person who has the legal or equitable title to real estate
   40  with a just value less than $250,000, as determined in the first
   41  tax year that the owner applies and is eligible for the
   42  exemption, and who has maintained thereon the permanent
   43  residence of the owner for at least 5 25 years, who has attained
   44  age 65, and whose household income does not exceed $350,000 the
   45  income limitation prescribed in paragraph (a), as calculated in
   46  subsection (3), is entitled to a homestead exemption equal to
   47  the assessed value of the property, which shall apply to all ad
   48  valorem tax levies other than school district levies.
   49         (3) The $350,000 $20,000 income limitation shall be
   50  adjusted annually, on January 1, by the percentage change in the
   51  average cost-of-living index in the period January 1 through
   52  December 31 of the immediate prior year compared with the same
   53  period for the year prior to that. The index is the average of
   54  the monthly consumer-price-index figures for the stated 12-month
   55  period, relative to the United States as a whole, issued by the
   56  United States Department of Labor.
   57         (4) An ordinance granting an additional homestead exemption
   58  as authorized by this section must meet the following
   59  requirements:
   60         (a) It must be adopted under the procedures for adoption of
   61  a nonemergency ordinance specified in chapter 125 by a board of
   62  county commissioners or chapter 166 by a municipal governing
   63  authority, except that the exemption authorized by paragraph
   64  (2)(b) must be authorized by a super majority (a majority plus
   65  one) vote of the members of the governing body of the county or
   66  municipality granting such exemption.
   67         (b) It must specify that the exemption applies only to
   68  taxes levied by the unit of government granting the exemption.
   69  Unless otherwise specified by the county or municipality, this
   70  exemption will apply to all tax levies of the county or
   71  municipality granting the exemption, including dependent special
   72  districts and municipal service taxing units.
   73         (c) It must specify the amount of the exemption, which may
   74  not exceed the applicable amount specified in subsection (2). If
   75  the county or municipality specifies a different exemption
   76  amount for dependent special districts or municipal service
   77  taxing units, the exemption amount must be uniform in all
   78  dependent special districts or municipal service taxing units
   79  within the county or municipality.
   80         (d) It must require that a taxpayer claiming the exemption
   81  for the first time submit to the property appraiser, not later
   82  than March 1, a sworn statement of household income on a form
   83  prescribed by the Department of Revenue.
   84         (5) The department shall must require by rule that the
   85  filing of the statement be supported by copies of any federal
   86  income tax returns for the prior year, any wage and earnings
   87  statements (W-2 forms), any request for an extension of time to
   88  file returns, and any other documents it finds necessary, for
   89  each member of the household, to be submitted for inspection by
   90  the property appraiser. The taxpayer’s sworn statement must
   91  shall attest to the accuracy of the documents and grant
   92  permission to allow review of the documents if requested by the
   93  property appraiser. Once the documents have been inspected by
   94  the property appraiser, they must shall be returned to the
   95  taxpayer or otherwise destroyed. Annually, the property
   96  appraiser shall notify each taxpayer of the adjusted income
   97  limitation set forth in subsection (3). The taxpayer must notify
   98  the property appraiser by May 1 if his or her household income
   99  exceeds the most recent adjusted income limitation. The property
  100  appraiser may conduct random audits of the taxpayers’ sworn
  101  statements to ensure the accuracy of the household income
  102  reported. If selected for audit, a taxpayer must shall execute
  103  Internal Revenue Service Form 8821 or 4506, which authorizes the
  104  Internal Revenue Service to release tax information to the
  105  property appraiser’s office. All reviews conducted in accordance
  106  with this section must shall be completed on or before June 1.
  107  The property appraiser may not grant the exemption if the
  108  required documentation requested is not provided.
  109         (6) The board of county commissioners or municipal
  110  governing authority must deliver a copy of any ordinance adopted
  111  under this section to the property appraiser no later than
  112  December 1 of the year prior to the year the exemption will take
  113  effect. If the ordinance is repealed, the board of county
  114  commissioners or municipal governing authority shall notify the
  115  property appraiser no later than December 1 of the year prior to
  116  the year the exemption expires.
  117         (7) Those persons entitled to the homestead exemption in s.
  118  196.031 may apply for and receive an additional homestead
  119  exemption as provided in this section. Receipt of the additional
  120  homestead exemption provided for in this section shall be
  121  subject to the provisions of ss. 196.131 and 196.161, if
  122  applicable.
  123         (5)(8) If title is held jointly with right of survivorship,
  124  the person residing on the property and otherwise qualifying may
  125  receive the entire amount of the additional homestead exemption.
  126         (6)(9)(a) If the property appraiser determines that for any
  127  year within the immediately previous 10 years a person who was
  128  not entitled to the additional homestead exemption under this
  129  section was granted such an exemption, the property appraiser
  130  must shall serve upon the owner a notice of intent to record in
  131  the public records of the county a notice of tax lien against
  132  any property owned by that person in the county, and that
  133  property must be identified in the notice of tax lien. Any
  134  property that is owned by the taxpayer and is situated in this
  135  state is subject to the taxes exempted by the improper homestead
  136  exemption, plus a penalty of 50 percent of the unpaid taxes for
  137  each year and interest at a rate of 15 percent per annum. Before
  138  any such lien may be filed, the owner must be given 30 days
  139  within which to pay the taxes, penalties, and interest. Such a
  140  lien is subject to the procedures and provisions set forth in s.
  141  196.161(3).
  142         (b) If the additional homestead exemption under this
  143  section is improperly granted as a result of a clerical mistake
  144  or omission by the property appraiser, the person who improperly
  145  received the exemption may not be assessed a penalty and
  146  interest. Back taxes shall apply only as follows:
  147         1. If the person who received the additional homestead
  148  exemption under this section as a result of a clerical mistake
  149  or omission voluntarily discloses to the property appraiser that
  150  he or she was not entitled to the homestead exemption before the
  151  property appraiser notifies the owner of the mistake or
  152  omission, no back taxes shall be due.
  153         2. If the person who received the additional homestead
  154  exemption under this section as a result of a clerical mistake
  155  or omission does not voluntarily disclose to the property
  156  appraiser that he or she was not entitled to the homestead
  157  exemption before the property appraiser notifies the owner of
  158  the mistake or omission, back taxes shall be due for any year or
  159  years that the owner was not entitled to the limitation within
  160  the 5 years before the property appraiser notified the owner of
  161  the mistake or omission.
  162         3. The property appraiser shall serve upon an owner that
  163  owes back taxes under subparagraph 2. a notice of intent to
  164  record in the public records of the county a notice of tax lien
  165  against any property owned by that person in the county, and
  166  such property must be identified in the notice of tax lien. The
  167  property appraiser must include with such notice information
  168  explaining why the owner is not entitled to the limitation, the
  169  years for which unpaid taxes are due, and the manner in which
  170  unpaid taxes have been calculated. Before any such lien may be
  171  filed, the owner must be given 30 days within which to pay the
  172  taxes, penalties, and interest. Such a lien is subject to the
  173  procedures and provisions set forth in s. 196.161(3).
  174         Section 2. Subsection (1) of section 196.082, Florida
  175  Statutes, is amended to read:
  176         196.082 Discounts for disabled veterans; surviving spouse
  177  carryover.—
  178         (1) Each veteran who is age 65 or older, and is partially
  179  or totally permanently disabled, and does not qualify for the
  180  exemption under s. 196.075 shall receive a discount from the
  181  amount of the ad valorem tax otherwise owed on homestead
  182  property that the veteran owns and resides in if:
  183         (a) The disability was combat-related; and
  184         (b) The veteran was honorably discharged upon separation
  185  from military service.
  186         Section 3. (1)The Department of Revenue is authorized,
  187  and all conditions are deemed met, to adopt emergency rules
  188  pursuant to s. 120.54(4), Florida Statutes, to administer this
  189  act.
  190         (2)Notwithstanding any other law, emergency rules adopted
  191  pursuant to this section are effective for 6 months after
  192  adoption and may be renewed during the pendency of procedures to
  193  adopt permanent rules addressing the subject of the emergency
  194  rules.
  195         Section 4. The amendments made by this act to ss. 196.075
  196  and 196.082, Florida Statutes, first apply to the 2027 tax roll.
  197         Section 5. This act shall take effect on the effective date
  198  of the amendment to the State Constitution proposed by SJR 270
  199  or a similar joint resolution having substantially the same
  200  specific intent and purpose, if such amendment to the State
  201  Constitution is approved at the next general election or at an
  202  earlier special election specifically authorized by law for that
  203  purpose.