Florida Senate - 2026                                     SB 840
       
       
        
       By Senator DiCeglie
       
       
       
       
       
       18-00753C-26                                           2026840__
    1                        A bill to be entitled                      
    2         An act relating to land use regulations for local
    3         governments affected by natural disasters; amending s.
    4         252.422, F.S.; revising the definition of the term
    5         “impacted local government”; prohibiting impacted
    6         local governments from enforcing certain moratoriums,
    7         requiring the repair or reconstruction of certain
    8         improvements to meet certain requirements, or
    9         enforcing changes to specified procedures; revising
   10         circumstances under which impacted local governments
   11         may enforce certain amendments, site plans,
   12         development permits, or development orders; providing
   13         applicability; authorizing impacted local governments
   14         to require a property owner to provide specified
   15         documentation; deleting provisions related to filing
   16         suit against an impacted local government for
   17         injunctive relief; providing construction; deleting
   18         obsolete language; amending chapter 2025-190, Laws of
   19         Florida; revising the timeframe within which certain
   20         counties are prohibited from proposing or adopting
   21         certain moratoriums, amendments, or procedures;
   22         revising a future expiration date; providing an
   23         effective date.
   24          
   25  Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
   26  
   27         Section 1. Section 252.422, Florida Statutes, is amended to
   28  read:
   29         252.422 Restrictions on county or municipal regulations
   30  after a hurricane.—
   31         (1) As used in this section, the term “impacted local
   32  government” means a county listed in a federal disaster
   33  declaration located entirely or partially within 50 100 miles of
   34  the track of a storm declared to be a hurricane by the National
   35  Hurricane Center while the storm was categorized as a hurricane
   36  and which was listed in a federal major disaster declaration
   37  pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency
   38  Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C. ss. 5121 et seq., or a municipality
   39  located within such a county.
   40         (2) For 1 year after a hurricane makes landfall in this
   41  state, an impacted local government may not propose or adopt:
   42         (a) Enforce a moratorium that prevents or delays the repair
   43  or on construction, reconstruction, or redevelopment of an
   44  existing improvement damaged by such hurricane, unless the
   45  moratorium is imposed for the purpose of addressing stormwater
   46  or flood water management, potable water supply, or necessary
   47  repairs to or replacement of sanitary sewer systems any
   48  property.
   49         (b) Require the repair or reconstruction of an existing
   50  improvement damaged by such hurricane to comply with an A more
   51  restrictive or burdensome amendment to its comprehensive plan or
   52  land development regulations which was first effective after
   53  such hurricane made landfall in this state.
   54         (c) Enforce a change to a more restrictive or burdensome
   55  procedure concerning review, approval, or issuance of a site
   56  plan, development permit, or development order, to the extent
   57  that those terms are defined in s. 163.3164, which increases the
   58  timeframe for the impacted local government to take final action
   59  on such review, approval, or issuance and which is effective
   60  after such hurricane makes landfall in this state.
   61         (3) Notwithstanding subsection (2), a comprehensive plan
   62  amendment, land development regulation amendment, site plan,
   63  development permit, or development order approved or adopted by
   64  an impacted local government before or after June 26, 2025, may
   65  be enforced if:
   66         (a) The associated application is initiated by a private
   67  party other than the impacted local government and the property
   68  that is the subject of the application is owned by the
   69  initiating private party;
   70         (b) The proposed comprehensive plan amendment was submitted
   71  to reviewing agencies pursuant to s. 163.3184 before landfall;
   72  or
   73         (c) The proposed comprehensive plan amendment or land
   74  development regulation is approved by the state land planning
   75  agency for an area of critical state concern designated pursuant
   76  to chapter 380; pursuant to s. 380.05.
   77         (c)The adoption of the comprehensive plan amendment or
   78  land development regulation amendment is required to comply with
   79  state or federal law; or
   80         (d)The adoption of the comprehensive plan amendment or
   81  land development regulation implements a floodplain management
   82  standard consistent with 44 C.F.R. part 60, relating to the
   83  National Flood Insurance Program.
   84         (4) The prohibitions of paragraphs (2)(b) and (c) apply
   85  only to property damaged to such an extent that a permit is
   86  required for the repair or reconstruction of the existing
   87  improvement. An impacted local government may require a property
   88  owner to provide documentation demonstrating that the property
   89  was damaged by a hurricane, including, but not limited to,
   90  documents produced by property appraisers, insurers, or local
   91  building inspectors.
   92         (a) Any person may file suit against any impacted local
   93  government for declaratory and injunctive relief to enforce this
   94  section.
   95         (b) A county or municipality may request a determination by
   96  a court of competent jurisdiction as to whether such action
   97  violates this section. Upon such a request, the county or
   98  municipality may not enforce the action until the court has
   99  issued a preliminary or final judgment determining whether the
  100  action violates this section.
  101         (c) Before a plaintiff may file suit, the plaintiff shall
  102  notify the impacted local government by setting forth the facts
  103  upon which the complaint or petition is based and the reasons
  104  the impacted local government’s action violates this section.
  105  Upon receipt of the notice, the impacted local government shall
  106  have 14 days to withdraw or revoke the action at issue or
  107  otherwise declare it void. If the impacted local government does
  108  not withdraw or revoke the action at issue within the time
  109  prescribed, the plaintiff may file suit. The plaintiff shall be
  110  entitled to entry of a preliminary injunction to prevent the
  111  impacted local government from implementing the challenged
  112  action during pendency of the litigation. In any action
  113  instituted pursuant to this paragraph, the prevailing plaintiff
  114  shall be entitled to reasonable attorney fees and costs.
  115         (d) In any case brought under this section, all parties are
  116  entitled to the summary procedure provided in s. 51.011, and the
  117  court shall advance the cause on the calendar.
  118         (5) This section may not be construed to restrict a local
  119  government from adopting or enforcing changes to the Florida
  120  Building Code or local technical amendments adopted pursuant to
  121  s. 553.73(4) The Office of Program Policy Analysis and
  122  Government Accountability (OPPAGA) shall conduct a study on
  123  actions taken by local governments after hurricanes which are
  124  related to comprehensive plans, land development regulations,
  125  and procedures for review, approval, or issuance of site plans,
  126  permits, or development orders. The study must focus on the
  127  impact that local governmental actions, including moratoriums,
  128  ordinances, and procedures, have had or may have on
  129  construction, reconstruction, or redevelopment of any property
  130  damaged by hurricanes. In its research, OPPAGA shall survey
  131  stakeholders that play integral parts in the rebuilding and
  132  recovery process. OPPAGA shall make recommendations for
  133  legislative options to remove impediments to the construction,
  134  reconstruction, or redevelopment of any property damaged by a
  135  hurricane and prevent the implementation by local governments of
  136  burdensome or restrictive procedures and processes. OPPAGA shall
  137  submit the report to the President of the Senate and the Speaker
  138  of the House of Representatives by December 1, 2025.
  139         Section 2. Section 28 of chapter 2025-190, Laws of Florida,
  140  is amended to read:
  141         Section 28. (1) Each county listed in the Federal Disaster
  142  Declaration for Hurricane Debby (DR-4806), Hurricane Helene (DR
  143  4828), or Hurricane Milton (DR-4834), and each municipality
  144  within one of those counties, may not propose or adopt any
  145  moratorium on construction, reconstruction, or redevelopment of
  146  any property damaged by such hurricanes; propose or adopt more
  147  restrictive or burdensome amendments to its comprehensive plan
  148  or land development regulations; or propose or adopt more
  149  restrictive or burdensome procedures concerning review,
  150  approval, or issuance of a site plan, development permit, or
  151  development order, to the extent that those terms are defined by
  152  s. 163.3164, Florida Statutes, before June 30, 2026 October 1,
  153  2027, and any such moratorium or restrictive or burdensome
  154  comprehensive plan amendment, land development regulation, or
  155  procedure shall be null and void ab initio. This subsection
  156  applies retroactively to August 1, 2024.
  157         (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), any comprehensive plan
  158  amendment, land development regulation amendment, site plan,
  159  development permit, or development order approved or adopted by
  160  a county or municipality before or after the effective date of
  161  this act may be enforced if:
  162         (a) The associated application is initiated by a private
  163  party other than the county or municipality.
  164         (b) The property that is the subject of the application is
  165  owned by the initiating private party.
  166         (3)(a) A resident of or the owner of a business in a county
  167  or municipality may bring a civil action for declaratory and
  168  injunctive relief against the county or municipality for a
  169  violation of this section. Pending adjudication of the action
  170  and upon filing of a complaint showing a violation of this
  171  section, the resident or business owner is entitled to a
  172  preliminary injunction against the county or municipality
  173  preventing implementation of the moratorium or the comprehensive
  174  plan amendment, land development regulation, or procedure. If
  175  such civil action is successful, the resident or business owner
  176  is entitled to reasonable attorney fees and costs.
  177         (b) Attorney fees and costs and damages may not be awarded
  178  pursuant to this subsection if:
  179         1. The resident or business owner provides the governing
  180  body of the county or municipality written notice that a
  181  proposed or enacted moratorium, comprehensive plan amendment,
  182  land development regulation, or procedure is in violation of
  183  this section; and
  184         2. The governing body of the county or municipality
  185  withdraws the proposed moratorium, comprehensive plan amendment,
  186  land development regulation, or procedure within 14 days; or, in
  187  the case of an adopted moratorium, comprehensive plan amendment,
  188  land development regulation, or procedure, the governing body of
  189  a county or municipality notices an intent to repeal within 14
  190  days after receipt of the notice and repeals the moratorium,
  191  comprehensive plan amendment, land development regulation, or
  192  procedure within 14 days thereafter.
  193         (4) This section expires June 30, 2026 2028.
  194         Section 3. This act shall take effect July 1, 2026.