The Florida Senate

316.1955  Parking spaces for persons who have disabilities.--

(1)  This section is not intended to expand or diminish the defenses available to a place of public accommodation under the Americans with Disabilities Act and the federal Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines, including, but not limited to, the readily achievable standard, and the standards applicable to alterations to places of public accommodation. Subject to the exceptions described in subsections (2), (4), (5), and (6), when the parking and loading zone requirements of the federal Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG), as adopted by reference in 28 C.F.R. part 36, subparts A and D, and Title II of Pub. L. No. 101-336, provide increased accessibility, those requirements are adopted and incorporated by reference as the law of this state.

(2)  State agencies and political subdivisions having jurisdiction over street parking or publicly owned or operated parking facilities are not required to provide a greater right-of-way width than would otherwise be planned under regulations, guidelines, or practices normally applied to new development.

(3)  If parking spaces are provided for self-parking by employees or visitors, or both, accessible spaces shall be provided in each such parking area. Such spaces shall be designed and marked for the exclusive use of those individuals who have a severe physical disability and have permanent or temporary mobility problems that substantially impair their ability to ambulate and who have been issued either a disabled parking permit under s. 316.1958 or s. 320.0848 or a license plate under s. 320.084, s. 320.0842, s. 320.0843, or s. 320.0845.

(4)  The number of accessible parking spaces must comply with the parking requirements in ADAAG s. 4.1 and the following:

(a)  There must be one accessible parking space in the immediate vicinity of a publicly owned or leased building that houses a governmental entity or a political subdivision, including, but not limited to, state office buildings and courthouses, if no parking for the public is provided on the premises of the building.

(b)  There must be one accessible parking space for each 150 metered onstreet parking spaces provided by state agencies and political subdivisions.

(c)  The number of parking spaces for persons who have disabilities must be increased on the basis of demonstrated and documented need.

(5)  Accessible perpendicular and diagonal accessible parking spaces and loading zones must be designed and located in conformance with the guidelines set forth in ADAAG ss. 4.1.2 and 4.6 and Appendix s. A4.6.3 "Universal Parking Design."

(a)  All spaces must be located on an accessible route no less than 44 inches wide so that users will not be compelled to walk or wheel behind parked vehicles.

(b)  Each space must be located on the shortest safely accessible route from the parking space to an accessible entrance. If there are multiple entrances or multiple retail stores, the parking spaces must be dispersed to provide parking at the nearest accessible entrance. If a theme park or an entertainment complex as defined in s. 509.013(9) provides parking in several lots or areas from which access to the theme park or entertainment complex is provided, a single lot or area may be designated for parking by persons who have disabilities, if the lot or area is located on the shortest safely accessible route to an accessible entrance to the theme park or entertainment complex or to transportation to such an accessible entrance.

(c)1.  Each parking space must be no less than 12 feet wide. Parking access aisles must be no less than 5 feet wide and must be part of an accessible route to the building or facility entrance. In accordance with ADAAG s. 4.6.3, access aisles must be placed adjacent to accessible parking spaces; however, two accessible parking spaces may share a common access aisle. The access aisle must be striped diagonally to designate it as a no-parking zone.

2.  The parking access aisles are reserved for the temporary exclusive use of persons who have disabled parking permits and who require extra space to deploy a mobility device, lift, or ramp in order to exit from or enter a vehicle. Parking is not allowed in an access aisle. Violators are subject to the same penalties that are imposed for illegally parking in parking spaces that are designated for persons who have disabilities. A vehicle may not be parked in an access aisle, even if the vehicle owner or passenger is disabled or owns a disabled parking permit.

3.  Any provision of this subsection to the contrary notwithstanding, a theme park or an entertainment complex as defined in s. 509.013(9) in which are provided continuous attendant services for directing individuals to marked accessible parking spaces or designated lots for parking by persons who have disabilities, may, in lieu of the required parking space design, provide parking spaces that comply with ss. 4.1 and 4.6 of the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines.

(d)  On-street parallel parking spaces must be located either at the beginning or end of a block or adjacent to alley entrances. Such spaces must be designed in conformance with the guidelines set forth in ADAAG ss. 4.6.2 through 4.6.5. exception: access aisles are not required. Curbs adjacent to such spaces must be of a height that will not interfere with the opening and closing of motor vehicle doors. This subsection does not relieve the owner of the responsibility to comply with the parking requirements of ADAAG ss. 4.1 and 4.6.

(e)  Parallel parking spaces must be even with surface slopes, may match the grade of the adjacent travel lane, and must not exceed a cross slope of 1 to 50, where feasible.

(f)  Curb ramps must be located outside of the disabled parking spaces and access aisles.

(g)1.  The removal of architectural barriers from a parking facility in accordance with 28 C.F.R. s. 36.304 or with s. 553.508 must comply with this section unless compliance would cause the barrier removal not to be readily achievable. If compliance would cause the barrier removal not to be readily achievable, a facility may provide parking spaces at alternative locations for persons who have disabilities and provide appropriate signage directing persons who have disabilities to the alternative parking if readily achievable. The facility may not reduce the required number or dimensions of those spaces, nor may it unreasonably increase the length of the accessible route from a parking space to the facility. The removal of an architectural barrier must not create a significant risk to the health or safety of a person who has a disability or to that of others.

2.  A facility that is making alterations under s. 553.507(2)(b) must comply with this section to the maximum extent feasible. If compliance with parking location requirements is not feasible, the facility may provide parking spaces at alternative locations for persons who have disabilities and provide appropriate signage directing persons who have a disability to alternative parking. The facility may not reduce the required number or dimensions of those spaces, nor may it unnecessarily increase the length of the accessible route from a parking space to the facility. The alteration must not create a significant risk to the health or safety of a person who has a disability or to that of others.

(6)  Each such parking space must be prominently outlined with blue paint, and must be repainted when necessary, to be clearly distinguishable as a parking space designated for persons who have disabilities and must be posted with a permanent above-grade sign of a color and design approved by the Department of Transportation, which is placed on or at a distance of 84 inches above the ground to the bottom of the sign and which bears the international symbol of accessibility meeting the requirements of ADAAG s. 4.30.7 and the caption "PARKING BY DISABLED PERMIT ONLY." Such a sign erected after October 1, 1996, must indicate the penalty for illegal use of the space. Any provision of this section to the contrary notwithstanding, in a theme park or an entertainment complex as defined in s. 509.013(9) in which accessible parking is located in designated lots or areas, the signage indicating the lot as reserved for accessible parking may be located at the entrances to the lot in lieu of a sign at each parking place. This subsection does not relieve the owner of the responsibility of complying with the signage requirements of ADAAG s. 4.30.

(7)  It is unlawful for any person to stop, stand, or park a vehicle within, or to obstruct, any such specially designated and marked parking space provided in accordance with this section, unless the vehicle displays a disabled parking permit issued under s. 316.1958 or s. 320.0848 or a license plate issued under s. 320.084, s. 320.0842, s. 320.0843, or s. 320.0845, and the vehicle is transporting the person to whom the displayed permit is issued. The violation may not be dismissed for failure of the marking on the parking space to comply with this section if the space is in general compliance and is clearly distinguishable as a designated accessible parking space for people who have disabilities. Only a warning may be issued for unlawfully parking in a space designated for persons with disabilities if there is no above-grade sign as provided in subsection (6).

(a)  Whenever a law enforcement officer, a parking enforcement specialist, or the owner or lessee of the space finds a vehicle in violation of this subsection, that officer, owner, or lessor shall have the vehicle in violation removed to any lawful parking space or facility or require the operator or other person in charge of the vehicle immediately to remove the unauthorized vehicle from the parking space. Whenever any vehicle is removed under this section to a storage lot, garage, or other safe parking space, the cost of the removal and parking constitutes a lien against the vehicle.

(b)  The officer or specialist shall charge the operator or other person in charge of the vehicle in violation with a noncriminal traffic infraction, punishable as provided in s. 316.008(4) or s. 318.18(6).

(c)  All convictions for violations of this section must be reported to the Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles by the clerk of the court.

(d)  A law enforcement officer or a parking enforcement specialist has the right to demand to be shown the person's disabled parking permit and driver's license or state identification card when investigating the possibility of a violation of this section. If such a request is refused, the person in charge of the vehicle may be charged with resisting an officer without violence, as provided in s. 843.02.

(8)  It is unlawful for any person to obstruct the path of travel to an accessible parking space, curb cut, or access aisle by standing or parking a vehicle within any such designated area. The violator is subject to the same penalties as are imposed for illegally parking in a space that is designated as an accessible parking space for persons who have disabilities.

(9)  Any person who is chauffeuring a person who has a disability is allowed, without need for a disabled parking permit or a special license plate, to stand temporarily in any such parking space, for the purpose of loading or unloading the person who has a disability. A penalty may not be imposed upon the driver for such temporary standing.

(10)(a)  A vehicle that is transporting a person who has a disability and that has been granted a permit under ¹s. 320.0848(1)(d) may be parked for a maximum of 30 minutes in any parking space reserved for persons who have disabilities.

(b)  Notwithstanding paragraph (a), a theme park or an entertainment complex as defined in s. 509.013(9) which provides parking in designated areas for persons who have disabilities may allow any vehicle that is transporting a person who has a disability to remain parked in a space reserved for persons who have disabilities throughout the period the theme park is open to the public for that day.

History.--s. 1, ch. 75-105; s. 1, ch. 76-31; s. 2, ch. 77-83; s. 1, ch. 77-444; ss. 1, 8, ch. 79-82; s. 123, ch. 79-400; s. 1, ch. 80-196; s. 2, ch. 84-234; s. 2, ch. 85-227; s. 1, ch. 87-225; s. 22, ch. 90-330; s. 80, ch. 91-221; s. 3, ch. 93-183; s. 2, ch. 96-200; s. 25, ch. 96-350; s. 8, ch. 97-76; s. 1, ch. 98-202.

¹Note.--Redesignated s. 320.0848(1)(c) by s. 7, ch. 98-202.

Note.--Former s. 316.165.